In this post, we’ll learn about King Lear, which is a topic from Chapter 17, English Subject, Class 6.
Important Vocabularies For This Lesson
- Literary – সাহিত্য বিষয়ক
- Fairy tale – পরীর গল্প
- Science fiction – বিজ্ঞান কল্পকাহিনী
- Fable – উপকথা
- Impact – প্রভাব
- Moral lesson – নৈতিক শিক্ষা
- Dramatist – নাট্যকার
- Tragedies – বিয়োগান্ত নাটক
- Comedies – হাস্যরসাত্মক নাটক
- Ancient – প্রাচীন
- Curious – উৎসাহী
- Opinion – মতামত
- Genuine – আসল
- Flatter – তোষামোদি করা
- Rehearse – চর্চা করা
17.1 | Look at different types of literary writings given below. In pairs, discuss and name them. You can take help from the given clues in the box.
(নিচে দেওয়া সাহিত্য বিষয়ক বিভিন্ন লেখাগুলো দেখ। জোড়ায় আলোচনা করো এবং নাম উল্লেখ করো । Box এ দেয়া Clue গুলো থেকে তুমি সাহায্য নিতে পারো।)
Ans :
 | Fable ( উপকথা) |
 | Drama/Play ( নাটক) |
 | Fable ( উপকথা) |
 | Fairy tale ( রূপকথা) |
 | Juvenile novel ( কিশোর উপন্যাস) |
 | Solar System ( সৌরজগত) |
Ans: Discussion in Pairs
| Mila : Hey, Moin, here are different types of literacy writings. Can you say their names? |
| Moin : Yes, I can. In the picture 1 and 3, the literacy writings “Rakhal O Bagh’ and ‘The Fox and the Grapes’ are called Fables. And, fable is a story in which animals speak and act like human. It usually conveys a moral lesson. |
| Mila : You’re right. So Moin, in picture 2 the item ‘Sukhi Manush’, I think, is a drama, isn’t it? |
| Moin : Yes, it is. You’re absolutely right. A drama is performed in a stage. It has dialogues, character, plot, etc. A drama is divided into acts and scenes. Do you know what fairy tales are? |
| Mila : Yes, I do. A fairy tale is a magical story for children. It usually involves imaginary creatures and magic. Here in picture no. 4, the writing ‘Cinderella’ is a fairy tale. Now, you tell, what type of writing is ‘Moni Bonir Obhijan”? |
| Moin : Well. It’s a children’s novel. A novel is a narrative work of prose fiction. It tells a story about specific human experiences over a considerable length. Oh, Mila, what is in picture 6? |
| Mila : It’s a poem by an anonymous poet. This poem describes the power of a smile. A poem has stanza, rhyme, and rhythm. |
| Moin : Thank you Mila for your nice discussion. |
| Mila : You’re welcome. |
17.2 | Now discuss in pairs/groups what makes these writing styles different from each other. And then, match the writing styles with their characteristics.
এখন জোড়া/দলে আলোচনা করো একটি লেখার ধরন আরেকটি থেকে কিভাবে আলাদা। তারপর বৈশিষ্ট্যসহ লেখার ধরনগুলো মিলাও।
Ans:
1. Short story : Has the beginning, ending, characters, facts, time, place, and theme
2. Play / Drama : Divided into acts and scenes, has a plot, setting & dialogue, etc.
3. Poetry : Has stanza, rhyme, and rhythm
4. Fable : Short and has a moral lesson
5. Science fiction : Common themes are time & space travel, tells impacts of science on people.
Discussion in pairs :
| Happy : Hi Racey. we have read about some literacy writings such as short story, play, poetry, fable, science fiction, etc. Can you tell what makes these writing styles different from each other? |
| Racey : Yes, I can. Their characteristics make these writing styles different from each other. |
| Happy : How? Would you explain in detail? |
| Racey : Sure, Well, a poetry has stanza rhyme, and rhythm, but in a science fiction, common themes are time and space travel and it tells impacts of science on people. |
| Happy : Oh, yes, now I understand. For example, play has a plot, characters, dialogues, acts and scenes, and setting: but a fable is a short story and has a moral lesson. |
| Racey : Well said. And a short story has the beginning, ending, characters, facts, time. place, and theme. It is also different from the others. |
| Happy : Thank you for your nice discussion.. |
| Racey : You’re welcome. |
17.4 | Read the following section from the play ‘King Lear’ and discuss the questions in pairs/groups.
নাটক King Lear থেকে নিচের অংশটুকু পড়ো এবং জোড়া/দলে নিচের প্রশ্নগুলো আলোচনা করো।
Questions:
a. Who is the main character in this play?
Ans: King Liear is the main character in this play.
b. Why did he decide to divide his kingdom?
Ans: The king grew old, and so he decided to divide his kingdom among his three daughters.
c. What are the names of his three daughters?
Ans: His three daughters are Goneril, Regan and Cordelia.
d. What does Regan mean when she says, “My love even goes farther?”
Ans: She means that her love is more than her eldest sister Goneril.
e. Do you think Lear liked Cordelia’s answer? If you think yes, why? And, if you think no, why?
Ans: We don’t think so. Lear did not like her. answer. “Because he gave Cordelia nothing.
f. To you which daughter loves her father, King Lear most? Why do you think so?
Ans: His youngest daughter Cordelia loves King Lear most. Because her two sisters told lies to flatter the King.
g. Do you love your parents? How would you describe your love to your parents?
Ans: We love our parents most. Because we owe to them for our life on earth.
17.5 | In pairs/groups read the scene of ‘King Lear’ again. And then, find the following characteristics of column A in the play King Lear”, and write an example in column B. One is done for you.
জোড়া দলে King Lear এর দৃশ্যটি আবার পড়ো। তারপরে Column A এর বৈশিষ্ট্য। অনুযায়ী Column B তে একটি করে উদাহরণ লেখ। একটি উদাহরণ তোমার জন্য করে। দেয়া হয়েছে।
Ans:
| Column A (Characteristics) | Column B (Examples) |
| 1. Dialogue | Cordelia: Nothing, my lord.King Lear: Nothing? |
| 2. Characters | King Lear, Goneril (oldest daughter), Regan (2nd daughter), and Cordelia (youngest daughter) |
| 3. Plot | King Lear decides to divide his Kingdom among his three daughters, and before that he wants to know which of his daughters loves him most and how. |
| 4. Acts & scenes | Act one and scene one: the dialogue between the king and his daughters. |
| 5. Setting | Ancient time : In Britain |
17.7 | Collect any three types of literary writings (e.g., short story, poem, fairy tale, science fiction, play). Read them in your own time. And then, compare their characteristics with examples. Finally, present it to the class. You can write it using the following table. Also, you can add or lessen the characteristics.
সাহিত্য সম্পর্কিত তিন ধরনের লেখা সংগ্রহ কর (যেমন ছোট গল্প, কবিতা, রূপকথা, বৈজ্ঞানিক কল্প কাহিনী, নাটক) নিজের সময় অনুযায়ী সেগুলো পড়ো। উদাহরণসহ তাদের বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলো তুলনা করো। সবশেষে শ্রেণিতে উপস্থাপন করো। নিচের সারণিটি ব্যবহার করে তুমি লিখতে পারো। তাছাড়াও তুমি তাদের বৈশিষ্ট্যবলী বাড়াতে বা কমাতে পারো।
Ans:
| Type of the Literary writing | Name of the literary writing | Characteris- tics | Characteristics you identified |
| 1. Sukhi Manus- Mamtaj Uddin Ahmad | 1. Play/Drama | Has dialogues, characters, plot acts & scenes setting. | 1. Scenes-22. Characters – Modal, Kobiraj, Hashu, Rahmat, people.3. Dialogue: Hashu: Rahmat, O Rahmat Ali, Rahmat: I’m listening4. Setting: Home of village Modal |
| 2. Ritin- Muhammad Jafar Iqbal | 2. Science fiction | Common themes are time and space travel, tells about supernatural events, narrative story, tells impacts of science on people. | 1. Time- 500 years ago in space 2. Characters: Ritin, Women with golden hair, a young girl, Robotic Police 3. Supernatural events People of two categories- A & C-are being created in the world now. |
| 3. Snow White- Jacob Grim & Wilhelm Grim | 3. Fairy tale | 1. Magical story: Characters, Magic, obstacles or tasks conflict, Good/Evil, Happily ever after, Moral lesson. | 1. Characters: Snow White, Witch 2. Supporting Character: Magic 3. Obstacle: Lodging and Apple in Snow White’s throat 4. Happily ever after: The prince finds her, wakes her from sleep, Apple is dislodged from her throat, and they live happily ever after. |
